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        <title type="main" level="a">The knowledge economy in the preindustrial era</title>
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            <forename>Carlos</forename>
            <surname>Laliena Corbera</surname>
            <placeName type="affiliation">University of Zaragoza, Spain</placeName>
          </persName>
        </author>
        <respStmt>
          <resp>This is a section of <title>L’economia della conoscenza: innovazione, produttività e crescita economica nei secoli XIII-XVIII / The knowledge economy: innovation, productivity and economic growth, 13th to 18th century</title>(DOI: <idno type="DOI">10.36253/979-12-215-0092-9</idno>) by </resp>
          <name>Giampiero Nigro</name>
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        <publisher>Firenze University Press</publisher>
        <pubPlace>Firenze</pubPlace>
        <date when="2023">2023</date>
        <idno type="DOI">https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0092-9.03</idno>
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          <p>Available for academic research purposes</p>
          <p>Open Access</p>
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      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The aim of this paper is to verify that in economies prior to the 18th century and from the Middle Ages onwards, there was a significant increase in the application of knowledge in the goods produced and a development of both technological and organizational innovation, i.e. "useful knowledge". It is also a question of verifying the effect of cultures, institutions and power structures on the generation of knowledge, its diffusion and its technological and productive use. In conclusion, the reduction of risk and the increase of productivity were aspects linked to the "knowledge economy" also in the pre-industrial era.</p>
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        <keywords>
          <list>
            <item>Knowledge economy</item>
            <item>middle ages</item>
            <item>early modern age</item>
            <item>modern age</item>
            <item>economic growth</item>
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      <p>It is available online at https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0092-9.03<ref target="https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0092-9.03" /></p>
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