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        <title type="main" level="a">Students’ feedback on the digital ecosystem: a structural topic modeling approach</title>
        <author>
          <persName n="1" ref="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7596-9719" type="ORCID">
            <forename>Adelia</forename>
            <surname>Evangelista</surname>
            <placeName type="affiliation">University of Chieti-Pescara G. D'Annunzio, Italy</placeName>
          </persName>
          <persName n="2" ref="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0974-0799" type="ORCID">
            <forename>Annalina</forename>
            <surname>Sarra</surname>
            <placeName type="affiliation">University of Chieti-Pescara G. D'Annunzio, Italy</placeName>
          </persName>
          <persName n="3" ref="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2139-7273" type="ORCID">
            <forename>Tonio</forename>
            <surname>Di Battista</surname>
            <placeName type="affiliation">University of Chieti-Pescara G. D'Annunzio, Italy</placeName>
          </persName>
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          <resp>This is a section of <title>ASA 2022 Data-Driven Decision Making</title>(DOI: <idno type="DOI">10.36253/979-12-215-0106-3</idno>) by </resp>
          <name>Enrico di Bella, Luigi Fabbris, Corrado Lagazio</name>
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      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Firenze University Press</publisher>
        <pubPlace>Firenze</pubPlace>
        <date when="2023">2023</date>
        <idno type="DOI">https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0106-3.36</idno>
        <availability>
          <p>Available for academic research purposes</p>
          <p>Open Access</p>
          <p>Copyright Author(s)</p>
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            <p>Content licence CC BY 4.0</p>
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        <p>This is original content, published for academic research purposes</p>
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      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Starting from March 2020, strict containment measures against COVID-19 forced the Italian Universities to activate remote learning and supply didactic methods online. This work is aimed at showing students’ perceptions towards a learning-teaching experience practised within a digital learning ecosystem designed in the period of first emergency and then re-proposed for the blended mode. Specifically, students, attending six teaching large courses held by four professors in two different Italian universities, were asked to express their impression in a text guided by questions, requiring the reflections and clarification of their and inner deep thoughts on the ecosystem. To automate the analysis of the resulting open-ended responses and avoid a labour-intensive human coding, we focused on a machine learning approach based on structural topic modelling (STM). Alike to Latent Dirichlet Allocation model (LDA), STM is a probabilistic generative model that defines a document generated as a mixture of hidden topics. In addition, STM extends the LDA framework by allowing covariates of interest to be included in the prior distributions for open-ended-response topic proportions and topic word distributions. Based on model diagnostics and researchers’ expertise, a 10-topic model is best fitted the data. Prevalent topics described by respondents include: “Physical space”, “Bulding the community: use of Whatsapp”, “Communication and tools”, “Interaction with Teacher”, “Feedback”.</p>
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            <item>Student feedback</item>
            <item>digital learning ecosystem</item>
            <item>open-ended questions</item>
            <item>pandemic context</item>
            <item>structural topic models</item>
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      <p>It is available online at https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0106-3.36<ref target="https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0106-3.36" /></p>
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