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        <title type="main" level="a">Salination of springs in the Bakar bay</title>
        <author>
          <persName n="1" ref="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6206-2464" type="ORCID">
            <forename>Davor</forename>
            <surname>Mance</surname>
            <placeName type="affiliation">University of Rijeka, Croatia</placeName>
          </persName>
          <persName n="2">
            <forename>Lucija</forename>
            <surname>Brevulj</surname>
            <placeName type="affiliation">University of Rijeka, Croatia</placeName>
          </persName>
          <persName n="3" ref="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6746-8693" type="ORCID">
            <forename>Diana</forename>
            <surname>Mance</surname>
            <placeName type="affiliation">University of Rijeka, Croatia</placeName>
          </persName>
        </author>
        <respStmt>
          <resp>This is a section of <title>Tenth InternationaSymposium Monitoring of Mediterranean Coastal Areas: Problems and Measurement Techniques</title>(DOI: <idno type="DOI">10.36253/979-12-215-0556-6</idno>) by </resp>
          <name>Laura Bonora, Marcantonio Catelani, Matteo De Vincenzi, Giorgio Matteucci</name>
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        <publisher>Firenze University Press</publisher>
        <pubPlace>Florence</pubPlace>
        <date when="2024">2024</date>
        <idno type="DOI">https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0556-6.81</idno>
        <availability>
          <p>Available for academic research purposes</p>
          <p>Open Access</p>
          <p>Copyright Author(s)</p>
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            <p>Content licence CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</p>
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      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Rising sea levels, increasing air temperatures, and recurring extreme weather events make coastal freshwater more susceptible to salination. This study investigates the relationship between salinity in the Dobrica, Dobra, and Perilo springs in the Bay of Bakar (Croatia) and extreme weather events from June 2005 to June 2020. Panel analysis, including water temperature (°C), electrical conductivity (µS/cm), hardness (mg/L CaCO₃), and chloride (mg/L), showed significant positive correlations between water temperature and chloride content, as well as direct relationships between electrical conductivity and chloride concentration. The study emphasizes the influence of weather on spring salinity and underscores the need for climate change adaptation strategies and sustainable water resource management. The findings hold significant implications for policymakers and stakeholders in water resource management.</p>
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        <keywords>
          <list>
            <item>climate change</item>
            <item>springs salination</item>
            <item>coastal environmental physics</item>
            <item>analysis. of economic environmental impacts.</item>
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      <p>It is available online at https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0556-6.81<ref target="https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0556-6.81" /></p>
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          <head>References</head>
          <bibl n="184601">
            <bibl>Lorrain-Soligon L., Robin F., Bertin X., Jankovic M., Rousseau P., Lelong V., Brischoux F. (2023) - Long-term trends of salinity in coastal wetlands: Effects of climate, extreme weather events, and sea water level, Envir. Res. 237 (1) 116937.</bibl>
            <idno type="DOI">10.1016/j.envres.2023.116937</idno>
          </bibl>
          <bibl n="184275">
            <bibl>Mance, D., Mance, D., Vukić Lušić, D. (2022). Managing water commons using mediator variables to bridge the gap between environmental factors and anthropogenic pollution indicators. In Ninth International Symposium “Monitoring of Mediterranean Coastal Areas: Problems and Measurement Techniques”, Firenze University Press, pp. 515-524.</bibl>
            <idno type="DOI">10.36253/979-12-215-0030-1.47</idno>
          </bibl>
          <bibl n="185877">Arellano, M. (2003) - Panel Data Econometrics, Oxford University Press.</bibl>
          <bibl n="185885">Baltagi, B. H. (2008) - Econometric Analysis of Panel Data, Wiley.</bibl>
          <bibl n="185827">Wooldridge, J. M. (2010) - Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, MIT Press</bibl>
          <bibl n="185455">Brevulj, L. (2020) - Vremenski ekstremi i njihove posljedice. Bachelor thesis (in Croatian) https://repository.phy.uniri.hr/islandora/object/phyri:169</bibl>
        </listBibl>
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