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        <title type="main" level="a">The aristocracies of Rome in the age of Lothar</title>
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          <persName n="1" ref="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0941-300X" type="ORCID">
            <forename>Veronica</forename>
            <surname>West-Harling</surname>
            <placeName type="affiliation">University of Oxford, United Kingdom</placeName>
          </persName>
        </author>
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          <resp>This is a section of <title>Aristocratic networks. Elites and social dynamics in Italy in the age of Lothar I</title>(DOI: <idno type="DOI">10.36253/979-12-215-0771-3</idno>) by </resp>
          <name>Giuseppe Albertoni, Manuel Fauliri, Leonardo Sernagiotto</name>
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        <publisher>Firenze University Press</publisher>
        <pubPlace>Florence</pubPlace>
        <date when="2025">2025</date>
        <idno type="DOI">https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0771-3.14</idno>
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          <p>Available for academic research purposes</p>
          <p>Open Access</p>
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            <p>Content licence CC BY 4.0</p>
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      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Contrary to Lombard and Carolingian Italy, there was no Frankish aristocracy in Rome itself. This paper discusses the relations between the Roman aristocracies and the emperor, which need to be seen within the context of the history between the elites of the city and the papacy after the end of Byzantine rule in Rome. Such relations can explain the tensions between the aristocracies and the papacy, which played into the hands of Lothar as he himself tried to support  the pro-Frankish elites whenever possible, to provide a counterweight to papal control.</p>
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        <keywords>
          <list>
            <item>Middle Ages</item>
            <item>ninth century</item>
            <item>Rome</item>
            <item>Emperor Lothar</item>
            <item>aristocracies</item>
            <item>Pope Paschal I</item>
            <item>Pope Sergius II</item>
            <item>Pope Leo IV</item>
            <item>Constitutio Romana.</item>
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      <p>It is available online at https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0771-3.14<ref target="https://doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0771-3.14" /></p>
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