This section examines Heine’s mythography within the German myth debate of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, anticipating twentieth-century cultural anthropology. It reconstructs the project of “Diana in exile” and analyzes the symbolic role of the goddess in Heine’s historical vision of pagan survivals and pantheism. The chapter examines Heine’s reworking of myth within the German myth debate of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, which anticipates modern mythology and anthropology. It analyzes his historiography, the Survival of Paganism, Hellenism, the Politicization of myth, Female mythology, and the nexus of Pantheism, Sensualism, and Saint-Simonism.