The workshop has been organised with the contribution of three different Institutions such as COST, University of Florence and Florens Foundation. Within the COST, the Action IE0601 - "Wood Science for Conservation of Wooden Cultural Heritage" - has performed an important role in carrying out the Workshop, both conceiving the idea and supporting its organisation. COST Strategic Workshops are instruments typically dedicated to launch new felds of research and or relevant topics. The present Workshop has been proposed in order to achieve the following aims:• To stimulate the discussion process and awareness on the importance of the safeguard of Cultural Heritage, and for highlighting its Cultural, Social and Economical importance. • To support the strengthening of an ERA in the fi eld of Cultural Heritage, and to establish research topics to be suggested as possible programmatic lines of the 8th FP. • To inform political stakeholders on the necessity to support research and European co-operations in the fi eld of Cultural Heritage.