Simulazione incarnata, estetica e architettura: un approccio estetico sperimentale Vittorio Gallese University of Parma, Italy Alessandro Gattara This is a section of La mente in architettura (DOI: 10.36253/978-88-5518-286-7) by Sarah Robinson, Juhani Pallasmaa, Matteo Zambelli Firenze University Press Firenze 2021 https://doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-286-7.10

Available for academic research purposes

Open Access

Copyright Author(s)

Content licence CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Metadata licence CC0 1.0

This is original content, published for academic research purposes

 Digital edition XML powered by Booksflow

This chapter, written by a cognitive neuroscientist and an architect, endeavors to suggest why and how cognitive neuroscience should investigate our relationship with aesthetics and architecture—framing this empirical approach as experimental aesthetics. The term experimental aesthetics specifically refers to the scientific investigation of the brain-body physiological correlates of the aesthetic experience of particular human symbolic expressions, such as works of art and architecture. The notion “aesthetics” is used here mainly in its bodily connotation, as it refers to the sensorimotor and affective aspects of our experience of these particular perceptual objects.

 mirror neurons experimental aesthetics embodied simulation

It is available online at https://doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-286-7.10

References Ammaniti Massimo 2014, La nascita della intersoggettività. Lo sviluppo del sé tra psicodinamica e neurobiologia, Raffaello Cortina Editore, Milano. Broxton Onians Richard 2006, Le origini del pensiero europeo. Intorno al corpo, la mente, l’anima, il mondo, il tempo e il destino, Milano, Adelphi. di Pellegrino G., Fadiga L., Fogassi L., et al. 1992, “Understanding Motor Events: A Neurophysiological Study”, in «Experimental Brain Research» n. 91, pp. 176-180. Didi-Huberman Georges 2006, L’immagine insepolta, Bollati Boringhieri, Milano. Fogassi L., Gallese V., Fadiga L., et al. 1996, “Coding of Peripersonal Space in Inferior Premotor Cortex (Area F4)”, in «Journal of Neurophysiology» n. 76, pp. 141-157. Freedberg D., Gallese V. 2007, “Motion, Emotion and Empathy in Aesthetic Experience”, in «Trends in Cognitive Sciences» n. 11, pp. 197-203. Gallese V. 2014, “Bodily Selves in Relation: Embodied Simulation as Second-Person Perspective on Intersubjectivity”, in «Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 369». Gallese V. 2000, “The Inner Sense of Action: Agency and Motor Representations”, in «Journal of Consciousness Studies» n. 7, pp. 23-40. Gallese V. 2014, “The Hand and the Architect: Gesture and Creative Expression”, in «Unplugged: Projects of L22 and DGW Italy», Lombardini 22, Milano, pp. 14-17. Gallese V., “Arte, corpo, cervello: Per un’estetica sperimentale”, in «Micromega» n. 2 (2014), pp. 49-67. Gallese V., Rochat M., Cossu G., Sinigaglia C. 2009, “Motor Cognition and Its Role in the Phylogeny and Ontogeny of Intentional Understanding”, in «Developmental Psychology» n. 45, pp. 103-113. Gallese V., Sinigaglia C. 2011, “What is So Special with Embodied Simulation”, in «Trends in Cognitive Sciences» n. 15, pp. 512-519. Gallese Vittorio, Di Dio Cinzia 2012, “Neuroesthetics: The Body in Aesthetic Experience”, in Vilayanur S. Ramachandran, et al., Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Vol. 2, pp. 687-693. Gumbrecht Hans Ulrich 2004, Production of Presence: What Meaning Cannot Convey, Stanford University Press, Stanford. Heimann K., Umiltà M.A., Gallese V. 2013, “How the Motor-Cortex Distinguishes among Letters, Unknown Symbols and Scribbles: A High Density EEG Study”, in «Neuropsychologia» n. 51, pp. 2833-2840. Lipps T. 1903, “Einfühlung, innere nachahmung und organenempfindung”, in «Archiv für die gesamte Psychologie» n. 1, pp. 185-204. Mallgrave Harry Francis 2015, L’empatia degli spazi. Architettura e neuroscienze, Raffaello Cortina Editore, Milano. Mallgrave Harry Francis 2021, “Conosci te stesso”, in La mente in architettura. Neuroscienze, incarnazione e il futuro del design, a cura di Sarah Robinson, Juhani Pallasmaa; traduzione di Matteo Zambelli, pp. 17-37. Merleau-Ponty Maurice 1989, L’occhio e lo spirito, SE, Milano. Merleau-Ponty Maurice 1999, Il visibile e l’invisibile, Bompiani, Milano. Merleau-Ponty Maurice 2005, Fenomenologia della percezione, Bompiani, Milano. Michajlovicˇ E∙jzenštejn Sergej 2004, Teoria generale del montaggio, Marsilio, Venezia. Murata A., Fadiga L., Fogassi L., et al. 1997, “Object Representation in the Ventral Premotor Cortex (Area F5) of the Monkey”, in «Journal of Neurophysiology» n. 78, pp. 2226-2230; Pallasmaa Juhani 2007, Gli occhi della pelle, Jaca Book, Milano. Pasqualini I., Llobera J., Blanke O. 2013, “‘Seeing’ and ‘Feeling’ Architecture: How Bodily Self-Consciousness Alters Architectonic Experience and Affects the Perception of Interiors”, in «Frontiers in Psychology» n. 4, art. 354. Pinotti Andrea 2001, Memorie del neutro. Morfologia dell’immagine in Aby Warburg, Mimesis Edizioni, Milano-Udine. Raos V., Umiltà M.A., Fogassi L., V. Gallese 2006, “Functional Properties of Grasping-Related Neurons in the Ventral Premotor Area F5 of the Macaque Monkey”, in «Journal of Neurophysiology» n. 95, pp. 709-729. Rizzolatti G., Fadiga L., Fogassi L., Gallese V. 1997, “The Space around Us”, in «Science» n. 277, pp. 190-191. Rizzolatti G., Fadiga L., Gallese V., Fogassi L. 1996, “Premotor Cortex and the Recognition of Motor Actions”, in «Cognitive Brain Research» n. 3, pp. 131-141. Rizzolatti G., Fogassi L., Gallese V. 2001, “Neurophysiological Mechanisms Underlying the Understanding and Imitation of Action”, in «Nature Reviews Neuroscience» n. 2, pp. 661-670. Rizzolatti G., Fogassi L., Gallese V. 2002, “Motor and Cognitive Functions of the Ventral Premotor Cortex”, in «Current Opinion in Neurobiology» n. 12, pp. 149-154. Robinson Sarah 2014, Nesting. Fare il nido. Corpo, dimora, mente, Safarà Editore, Pordenone. Robinson Sarah 2021, Corpi annidati, in La mente in architettura. Neuroscienze, incarnazione e il futuro del design, a cura di Sarah Robinson, Juhani Pallasmaa; traduzione di Matteo Zambelli, pp. 139-150. Rykwert Joseph 1991, La casa di Adamo in Paradiso, Adelphi, Milano. Sbriscia-Fioretti B., Berchio C., Freedberg D., et al. 2013, “ERP Modulation during Observation of Abstract Paintings by Franz Kline”, in «PLoS ONE» n. 8, p. e75241. Schmarsow August 1894, Das Wesen des architektonischen Schöpfung, Karl W. Hiersemann, Lipsia. Scully Vincent 1962, The Earth, the Temple and the Gods, Yale University Press, New Haven. Umiltà M.A., Berchio C., Sestito M., et al. 2012, “Abstract Art and Cortical Motor Activation: An EEG Study”, in «Frontiers in Human Neuroscience» n. 6, p. 311. Vischer Robert 1872, Über das optische Formgefühl: Ein Beiträg zur Ästhetik, Credner, Leipzig. Vischer Robert 2003, “Sul sentimento ottico della forma”, in Robert Vischer, Friedrich T. Vischer, Simbolo e forma, Aragno, Torino, pp. 56-57. Wölfflin Heinrich 2010, Psicologia dell’architettura, Et al./Edizioni, Milano.